Indicating obligation and willingness
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Using nouns to indicate obligation | page 3 of 5 |
Indicating strong obligation
With strong obligation, the person referred to (often the hearer) has little or no
choice. This can be glossed as necessity. 
Here is a list of nouns which are typically used to indicate necessity:
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The Environmental Protection Department yesterday announced computer tracking systems would be a licensing requirement for all barges from January 2.
Injunction - to forbid him to do what he has promised to do or what he has no right to do.
In 1982, China imposed a ban on the export of antiques defined as man-made objects at least 100 years old. (SCMP 7/10/92)
Britain has a duty to give non-Chinese ethnic minority residents in Hong Kong full British citizenship.
He put the onus of avoiding poisoning on the public, advising consumers to cook their fish well, avoid hot pots and not eat the fish head and intestines.
The Consumer Council will be studying recommendations by the Coroner's Court to determine if there is a need to license fortune-tellers.
(SCMP 8/8/92)
Refusing permission
The nouns in the following list belong in the category of strong obligation because the
hearer has no choice, ie if there is a proscription against doing something
you must not do it. And if there is a repeal of a law, that means you must
not indulge in any behaviour previously allowed by that law :
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On 26 June last year, this Council voted for a motion in favour of the repeal of capital punishment.
Introduction
Indicating strong obligation
